PATPA
CAS Number 136905-60-7
Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs), Latest Products, Perovskite Interface Materials, Charge Transport Layer Materials,
Self-Assembled Monolayer (SAM) Molecule for High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells
Hole transport layer for NFA-polymer solar cells and p-i-n perovskite solar cells, PATPA, CAS No. 136905-60-7, (4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)phosphonic acid, hole selection layer (HSL), charge transport layer
Overview | Product Information | MSDS | Literature | Related Products | Technical Support
Featuring a rigid phenyl linking group with a phosphonic acid anchor and a diphenylamine terminal, PATPA is a high-performance self-assembled monolayer materials for perovskite solar cells. As a hole selection layer (HSL) on ITO in the inverted p-i-n structure perovskite solar cell, PATPA is designed to enhance interfacial contact and improve the quality of perovskite films. The rigid phenyl linker enables a dense molecular packing that minimizes interfacial defects and reduces charge recombination, outperforming more flexible alternatives like 2PATPA with flexible linking group and PhpPACz with more rigid terminal carbazole group.
Perovskite solar cell device based on PATPA as the hole transport layer (HTL) has achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 26.21% with enhanced stability, retaining up to 91% of their initial efficiency after 1000 hours of light exposure.
Serving as hole selective contact for organic solar cells and perovskite solar cells, PATPA is an alternative to PEDOT:PSS with superior performance and the convenience of solution deposition at low concentration, i.e. 1 mM.
General Information
| CAS Number | 136905-60-7 |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C18H16NO3P |
| Molecular Weight | 325.30 g/mol |
| Absorption* | λmax 303 nm (in solution) |
| Fluorescence | λem (n.a.) |
| HOMO/LUMO | HOMO = -5.32 eV, LUMO = -2.06 eV |
| Synonyms | (4-(Diphenylamino)phenyl)phosphonic acid, Phosphonic acid, p-[4-(diphenylamino)phenyl]- |
| Classification or Family | Triphenyl amines, Self-assembly monolayers, Hole transport layer, Hole selection layer, p-i-n Perovskite solar cells |
Product Details
| Purity | > 98% (HPLC) |
|---|---|
| Melting Point | N/A |
| Appearance | White to off-white powder |
Solution Processing Procedure
Typical processing solvents: Methanol, ethanol
Typical suggested concentration: 1.0 mg/ml or 1.0 mM
Typical processing procedure: PATPA solution is spin-coated onto ITO surface for 30 s at the speed of 3000 rpm, followed by annealing for 10 min at 100 ℃ (from the fabrication of devices DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-62388-4).
Chemical Structure
MSDS Documentation
PATPA MSDS SheetLiterature and Reviews
- J. Yang et al. (2025), Flexibility meets rigidity: a self-assembled monolayer materials strategy for perovskite solar cells, Nat. Commun., 16, 6968; DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-62388-4.
- A. Ullah et al. (2026), Self-Assembled Monolayers in p–i–n Perovskite Solar Cells: Molecular Design, Interfacial Engineering, and Machine Learning–Accelerated Material Discovery, Adv. Mater., e20220, DOI: 10.1002/adma.202520220.
- L. Li et al. (2026), Self-Assembled Monolayers in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells: A Rising Star with Challenges, Nano-Micro Lett. 18, 241; DOI: 10.1007/s40820-026-02089-9.
Licensed by Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH in Germany and Kaunas University of Technology in Lithuania.
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