HKUST-1

CAS Number 222404-02-6

Materials, Metal Organic Frameworks, MOF Ligands, Porous Organic Frameworks

One of the most studied metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)

exhibits high surface area for CO₂ capture, water purification and drug delivery

Overview | Product Information | Related Products

HKUST-1 (CAS number: 222404-02-6) is a copper-based MOF constructed from copper centers and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (BTC) linkers. HKUST-1 was first reported in 1999 by Chui and co-workers at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST). The crystal structure of HKUST-1 is built up by secondary building units called paddlewheel units. The paddlewheel units, where two copper ions are bridged by four BTC linkers, not only contribute to the high surface area (1,350 m²/g) , but also provide structural rigidity, with thermal stability up to 240 °C.

HKUST-1 has multiple applications, including CO₂ capture, drug delivery and batteries. HKUST-1 can capture water pollutants i.e. Cr³⁺ ion with adsorption capacity of 84.3 mg/g. The purification process occurs via adsorption active sites and ionic exchange between copper and chromium ions. HKUST-1 is also applied in the direct air capture of CO₂. When incorporated with graphene oxide, it demonstrates CO₂ capture capacities of up to 6.92 mmol/g.

Multiple applications

Water purification, drug delivery, gas separation and many more

Robust framework

High porosity, surface area and stability

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Low cost

Low cost metal organic frameworks

General Information

CAS Number	222404-02-6
Chemical Formula	C₁₈H₆Cu₃O₁₂
Full Name	Poly[μ₂-benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylato-tricuprate(II)]
Molecular Weight	604.9 g/mol
Synonyms	MOF-199, Cu-BTC, Copper benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate MOF, Cu₃(BTC)₂, HKUST1
Classification or Family	Metal organic frameworks, Porous organic frameworks, MOFs

Structure

HKUST-1 paddlewheel core structure, CAS 222404-02-6

Product Details

Particle Size	1.8 μm (D50)
Surface Area (BET)	1166 m²/g
Pore Size	0.3 – 1 nm
Appearance	Blue powder

MSDS Documentation

HKUST-1 MSDS Sheet

References

The effect of copper(II) salt precursor on physicochemical properties of HKUST-1 MOFs and their application as adsorbents of Cr(III) ions from aqueous solutions, J. Mokrzycki et al., JWPE, 64,105761 (2024); DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.105761 .
Revisiting the HKUST01/S composites as an electrode for Li-S batteries: inherent problems that hinder its performance, J. Haro et al., Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2021(2), 177–18510 (2021); DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000837.
Research progress on the application of MOF materials in lithium-ion batteries, X. Zhang et al., Battery Energy, 4, 20240046 (2025); DOI: 10.1002/bte2.20240046.

Selective electrochemical sensing of sunset yellow in beverages based on synergistic signal amplification of HKUST1 and MWCNTs, K. Mthiyane et al., Electroanalysis, 37, e12020 (2025); DOI: 10.1002/elan.12020.
HKUST-1 metal-organic framework nanoparticle/graphene oxide, A. Rosado et al., ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 4 (11), 12712–12725 (2021); DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.1c03301.
Drug delivery of paracetamol by metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1): improvised synthesis and investigations, Mater. Today Chem., 23, 100647 (2022); DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2021.100647.
CO₂ adsorption on a water-resist HKUST-1 by incorporation of graphene oxide, S. Loera-Serna et al., Adsorption, 31, 5 (2025); DOI: 10.1007/s10450-024-00553-9.

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