CbzNaphPPA
CAS Number 3046309-18-3
Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs), Perovskite Interface Materials, Charge Transport Layer Materials, Perovskite Materials,
Small Multilayer Molecule for High Efficiency Solar Cells
Hole transport or extraction layer for NFA-polymer solar cells and p-i-n perovskite solar cells, Bz-PhpPACz, 3046309-18-3
Overview | Product Information | MSDS | Literature | Related Products | Technical Support
CbzNaphPPA is self-assembled monolayer (SAM)/multilayer (SAMUL) material serving as hole transport layer in highly efficient organic or perovskite solar cells. It consists of a fused 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole terminal group, a phosphonic acid anchor group, and a rigid phenyl linker to further extend the conjugation of the dibenzo[c,g]carbazole terminal. Compared to 4PADCB, with a higher degree of conjugation and a rigid linker, CbzNaphPPA shows significantly enhanced the intermolecular interaction, leading to the formation of H‑aggregates with better and more densely packed molecular arrays in films. The ordered H-aggregates reduce defects at the perovskite buried interface, suppress non‑radiative recombination, and substantially improve its hole extraction efficiency at the interface.
A champion inverted perovskite solar cell based on CbzNaphPPA SAMUL exhibits a high PCE of 26.07% with an extraordinary FF of 86.45% and excellent operational stability, retaining 94% of its initial PCE after 1200 h of continuous 1 sun illumination under MPP operation at 65 °C.
Serving as hole selective contact for organic solar cells and perovskite solar cells, CbzNaphPPA is an alternative to PEDOT:PSS with superior performance and the convenience of solution deposition at low concentration, i.e. 1 mM.
General Information
| CAS Number | 3046309-18-3 |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C26H18NO3P |
| Molecular Weight | 423.4 g/mol |
| Absorption* | λmax 366 nm (in MeOH) |
| Fluorescence | λem (n.a.) |
| HOMO/LUMO | HOMO = -5.67 eV, LUMO = -2.34 eV |
| Synonyms | pPhPADCB, Bz-PhpPACz, (4-(7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazol-7-yl)phenyl)phosphonic acid |
| Classification or Family | 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole derivatives, Self-assembly monolayers, Hole transport layer, Hole extraction layer, p-i-n Perovskite solar cells, Organic photovoltaics |
Product Details
| Purity | > 98% (HPLC) |
|---|---|
| Melting Point | N/A |
| Appearance | White to off-white, yellow powder |
Solution Processing Procedure
Typical processing solvents: Methanol MeOH/DMF, ethanol
Typical concentration: 1.0 mg/ml, or 1 mM
Typical processing procedure:
CbzNaphPPA solution in MeOH/DMF (9:1 v/v) is deposited onto the centre of the substrate surface and spin-coated for 30 s at the speed of 3000 rpm, followed by annealing for 15 min at 100 ℃. The substrate is rinsed with methanol by spin-coating methanol solvent for 30 s at the speed of at 4000 rpm to obtain a self-assembled monolayer (SAM). To achieve self-assembled multilayer (SAMUL), the thickness of the film could be adjusted by using various SAM concentrations (DOI: 10.1002/anie.202411730).
Bz-PhpPACz solution (0.7 mM, 1.4 mM, 2.1 mM, 2.8 mM, 3.5 mM, and 4.2 mM) in MeOH/methoxyethanol solution (100:2, v/v) is spin-coated for 30 s at the speed of 3000 rpm, followed by annealing for 10 min at 120 ℃. The rinsed substrate is rinsed with IPA thoroughly and then annealed at 120 °C for 10 min. (DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55523-0).
Chemical Structure
MSDS Documentation
CbzNaphPPA MSDS SheetLiterature and Reviews
- W. Jiang et al. (2024); Spin-Coated and Vacuum-Processed Hole-Extracting Self-Assembled Multilayers with H-Aggregation for High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 63 (45), e202411730; DOI: 10.1002/anie.202411730.
- Y. Yuan et al. (2025); A Comprehensive Review of Self-Assembled Monolayers as Hole-Transport Layers in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells, Energies, 18, 2577; DOI: 10.3390/en18102577.
- G. Qu et al. (2025); Self-assembled materials with an ordered hydrophilic bilayer for high performance inverted Perovskite solar cells, Nat. Commun. 16, 86 (2025), DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55523-0.
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