Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)

CAS Number 24937-79-9

Battery Binders, Battery Materials, Materials, Sodium-Ion Battery Materials

Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) CAS 24937-79-9

Electrochemical and thermal stable Polyvinylidene fluoride

used in battery fabrication as a binder, separator and polymer electrolyte

Overview | Product Information | Related Products | Technical Support

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, CAS number 24937-79-9) is a chemically inert, thermoplastic polymer. PVDF is a fluorinated polymer with an equivalent amount of CF₂ and CH₂ groups in the polymer backbone. The CF₂ units contribute to its electrochemical and thermal stability. Additionally, the dipole moment between CF₂ and CH₂ units makes PVDF a polar polymer, resulting in strong piezoelectricities.

PVDF has demonstrated versatile uses across a wide range of applications, with its most notable use in the battery industry. Polyvinylidene fluoride is commonly employed as a binder material in the preparation of composite electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. As a binder, PVDF exhibits good adhesion strength due to its intermolecular hydrogen bonding. It is often combined with conductive additives such as carbon black, graphene oxide, or carbon nanotubes to enhance thermal and electrical conductivity within the electrode.

To further improve the performance of PVDF in lithium-sulfur batteries, the polymer can be modified by grafting polyacrylic acids. The graft polymer can be synthesized by dehydrofluorination of PVDF to generate alkene reaction sites, followed by free radical polymerisation with acrylic acid. The resulting Li-S battery cell using PVDF-graft-PAA as the cathode binder exhibits a high reversible capacity of 644.1 mAh/g after 100 cycles.

PVDF also finds its applications in polymer electrolytes and separators. A polymer electrolyte composed of PVDF, cellulose acetate, and aluminum hydroxide displays displays ionic conductivity of 2.85 × 10^-3 S/cm (battery capacity of 151.9 mAh/g at 1C). A separator made from PVDF and Al₂O₃ composite has a porosity of 55.8% and an ionic conductivity of 2.23 × 10^-3 S/cm.

Versatile polymer

used as electrode binder, separator and electrolyte

Fluorinated polymer

Electrochemically and thermally stable

Worldwide shipping

Quick and reliable shipping

Low volatile content

0.03 %

General Information

CAS Number	24937-79-9
Chemical Formula	(C₂H₂F₂)_n
Full Name	Poly(1,1-difluoroethylene)
Molecular Weight	700k Da
Melting Point	170.1 °C
Synonyms	PVDF, poly(vinylene fluoride), polyvinylidene difluoride, PVdF
Classification or Family	Battery binder material, fluorinated binder, lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries, solid state batteries, polymer composite electrolytes

Chemical Structure

Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) chemical structure, CAS number 24937-79-9

Product Details

Average Particle Size	104 µm
Appearance	White powder
Melt Flow Index (MFI)	1.0 g/10 min at 230 °C 21.6 kg (ASTM D1238)

MSDS Documentation

Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) MSDS Sheet

References

Design of PVDF-g-PAA binder endowing high sulfur loading with enhanced performance of lithium-sulfur batteries, S.-Y. Nam et al., Int. J. Energy Res., 3375897 (2025); DOI: 10.1155/er/3375897.
Polymeric binders used in lithium ion batteries: actualities, strategies and trends, B. Chen et al., ChemElectroChem, 11, e202300651 (2024); DOi: 10.1002/celc.202300651.
A comprehensive review of current and emerging binder technologies for energy storage applications, S. Sudhakaran et al., ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 6(23), 11773–11794 (2023); DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.3c02218.

A smart polymeric sol-binder for building healthy active-material microenvironment in high-energy-density electrodes, Y. He et al., Adv. Energy Mater., 13, 2203272 (2023); DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202203272.
Binder chemistry dependent electrolyte reduction in potassium-ion batteries: a successive, two-step reduction way, W. Zhou et al., Adv. Energy Mater., 2202874 (2022); DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202202874.
Future prospects and recent developments of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric polymer; fabrication methods, structure, and electro-mechanical properties, S. Mohammadpourfazeli et al., RSC Adv., 13, 370–387 (2023); DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06774a.
PVDF-based solid polymer electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries: strategies in composites, blends, dielectric engineering, and machine learning approaches, K. Khan et al., RSC Adv., 2025, 15, 20629–20656 (2025); DOI: 10.1039/d5ra02951a.
Tailored PVDF graft copolymers via ATRP as high-performance NCM811 cathode binders, T. Liu et al., ACS Materials Lett., 5, 2594–2603 (2023); DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.3c00485.
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) separators for next-generation lithium based batteries, R. Liu et al., Nano Select, 2, 2308–2345 (2021); DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100118.

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