Perovskite Precursor Ink for Nitrogen Processing

Materials, Perovskite Inks, Perovskite Materials

Specially formulated, high quality perovskite precursor ink

For the fabrication of photovoltaic devices under a nitrogen atmosphere

Overview | Specifications | Example Device Data | Fabrication Method | References

A formulation of methylammonium iodide (MAI), PbCl₂ and PbI₂ at a molar ratio of 1:1:4 (PbCl₂:PbI₂:MAI) in a DMF solvent. On processing, I201 ink can be used to create a CH₃NH₃PbI_3-xCl_x perovskite film. The process recipe for I201 is optimized for glove box processing under a nitrogen atmosphere.

I201 perovskite ink is divided into 10 lots of 0.5 ml. We have found this quantity to be sufficient for 10 individual experiments (approximately 160 device substrates).

Datasheet

We have specially formulated I201 Perovskite Ink in our laboratories to make it suitable for deposition using a spin coater. It is based on similar ink formulations used in references [1]. This ink is designed to be used with a bottom ITO/PEDOT:PSS AI 4083 anode and a top PC₇₀BM/Ca/Al cathode, with PV devices fabricated with an average / peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) of (11.2% ± 0.4)% / 11.8%. This performance level is in accord with other literature reports using similar ink formulations where PCEs of approximately 11.5% have been demonstrated [1]. A full process recipe comes with the ink, which is ready to use after heating for a short time.

Nitrogen processing of perovskite precursor ink using an Ossila Spin Coater and Glove Box — Ossila I201 ink can be deposited easily in any glove box environment

Specifications

Perovskite precursor ink formulation: Ink I201 is based on a mixture of methylammonium iodide (MAI), lead chloride (PbCl₂) and lead iodide (PbI₂) at a molar ratio (PbCl₂:PbI₂:MAI) of 1:1:4 dissolved in anhydrous DMF (dimethylformamide).

Compound	Purity	Molar Ratio
MAI	> 99% (as measured by Elemental Analysis)	4
PbCl₂	99.999%	1
PbI₂	99.999%	1
DMF	99.8%	N/A

I201 perovskite photovoltaic ink boxed — I201 perovskite ink is divided into 10 x 0.5 ml batches, as demonstrated above, which is sufficient for 10 individual experiments. I201 can also be bought in bulk (30 ml) with a 25% discount over our standard order sizes.

Perovskite Photovoltaic Device Performance

Below are device characteristics for our best pixel fabricated using the I201 fabrication recipe described above.

JV curves demonstrate the hysteresis observed from the device and include device metrics for both forward and reverse sweeps. The pixel presented (from a reverse sweep) had a power conversion efficiency of 11.8%, a Voc of 0.91 V, a FF of 79% and a Jsc of -16.5 mA/cm².

I201 Perovskite Ink JV curve — Figure 1: JV curve under AM1.5 irradiation for a device fabricated from our I201 perovskite ink. Device characteristics of both the forward and reverse sweeps are plotted.

I201 Perovskite Ink efficiency graph — Figure 2: Distribution of the power conversion efficiency as obtained from reverse sweeps for 23 pixels from 3 devices. Only one pixel was removed from the analysis due to low operational performance.

Suggested Fabrication Method

I201 Nitrogen-Processed Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

The summary below outlines the key steps required when processing I201 Perovskite Ink. You can also download this summary as a PDF in order to print and laminate it for use in a clean room.

References

Reproducible One-Step Fabrication of Compact MAPbI3-xClx Thin Films Derived from Mixed-Lead-Halide Precursors, D. Wang et al., Chem. Mater., 26, 7145-7150 (2014) DOI: 10.1021/cm5037869

Technical Support

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