NPB (NPD)

NPB, chemical with outstanding hole transport capability

Enhances device morphology and is beneficial for device longevity

N,N′-Di(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-(1,1′-biphenyl)-4,4′-diamine, also known as NPB or NPD, has been used intensively in OLEDs and other organic electronic devices such as polymer photovoltaics (OPV) and perovskite solar cells for its outstanding hole transport capability.

NPB (NPD) from Ossila was used in the high-impact paper (IF 7.059), Synergistic effects of charge transport engineering and passivation enabling efficient inverted perovskite quantum-dot light-emitting diodes, J. Pan et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 8, 5572-5579 (2020); DOI: 10.1039/D0TC00661K.

NPB is considered as one of the best materials within its competition, and has become the most common-used material in OLEDs' application. This is due to its increased T_g up to 95 °C, which enhances device morphology and is beneficial for device longevity [1].

General Information

* Measurable with an optical spectrometer, see our spectrometer application notes.

Product Details

* Sublimation is a technique used to obtain ultra pure-grade chemicals, see sublimed materials.

Chemical Structure

Device Structure(s)

Device structure	ITO/NPB (30 nm)/NPB: DCJTB: C545T* (10 nm)/NPB (4 nm)/DNA (8 nm)/(BCP) (9 nm)/Alq3 (30 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Al (100 nm) [2]
Colour	White
Max. Luminance	13,600 cd/m2
Max. Current Efficiency	12.3 cd/A
Max. Power Efficiency	4.4 lm W−1

Device structure	ITO/MoO3 (7nm)/NPB (85 nm)/ (PPQ)2Ir(acac):Ir(ppy)3:FIrpic:mCP/TAZ/LiF/Al [3]
Colour	White
Max. EQE	20.1%
Max. Power Efficiency	41.3 lm W−1

Device structure	ITO/PEDOT:PSS/NPB/mCP/FPt*(1.5 nm)/OXD-7/CsF/Al [4]
Colour	White
Max. EQE	17.5%
Max. Power Efficiency	45 lm W−1

Device structure	ITO/2-TNATA:33% WO3 (100 nm)/NPB (10 nm)/Alq3 (30 nm)/Bphen (20 nm)/BPhen: 2% Cs (10 nm)/Al (150 nm) [5]
Colour	Green
Operating Voltage for 100 cd/m2	3.1 V
Current Efficiency for 20 mA/cm2	4.4 cd/A
Power Efficiency for 20 mA/cm2	3.3 lm W−1

Device structure	ITO/2-TNATA (60 nm)/NPB (15 nm)/TAT* (30 nm)/ Alq3 (30 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Al (200 nm) [6]
Colour	Deep Blue
EQE at 10 mA/cm2	7.18
Current Efficiency at 10 mA/cm2	3.64 cd/A
Power Efficiency at 10 mA/cm2	1.87 lm W−1

Device structure	ITO/[F4-TCNQ(x nm)/m-MTDATA(y nm)]n/NPB/Alq3/Bphen/Cs2CO3/Al [7]
Colour	Green
Max. Luminance	23,500 cd/m2
Max. Current Efficiency	7.0 cd/A
Max. Power Efficiency	4.46 lm W−1

Device structure	ITO/NPB (30 nm)/CBP:8 wt% (t-bt)2Ir(acac)* (15 nm)/ BPhen(35 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/CoPc:C60 (4:1) (5 nm)/ MoO3 (5 nm)/NPB(30 nm)/CBP:8 wt% (t-bt)2Ir(acac)* (15 nm)/ BPhen (35 nm)/Mg:Ag (100 nm) [8]
Colour	Yellow
Max. EQE	16.78%
Max. Luminance	42,236 cd/m2
Max. Current Efficiency	50.2 cd/A
Max. Power Efficiency	12.9 lm W−1

Device structure	ITO/NPB (60 nm)/BNA:2 wt% perylene and 0.5 wt% DCJTB* (35 nm)/Alq3 (25 nm)/Mg:Ag (200 nm)  [9]
Colour	White
Max. Luminance	4,100 cd/m2
Max. Current Efficiency	1.65 cd/A

Device structure	ITO (100 nm)/NPB (40 nm)/ADN:C6:DCJTB (30 nm)/Alq (30 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Al (100 nm)
Colour	Red
Max. Luminance	13, 000 cd/m2 [10]
Max. Current Efficiency	4.9 cd/A

*For chemical structure information please refer to the cited references.

Characterisation

Pricing

MSDS Documentation

NPB MSDS sheet

Literature and Reviews

1. Organic electroluminescent devices with improved stability, S. A. Van Slyke et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 2160 (1996); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.117151.
2. High efficiency white organic light-emitting devices by effectively controlling exciton recombination region, F. Guo et al., Semicond. Sci. Technol. 20, 310–313 (2005).
3. Manipulating Charges and Excitons within aSingle-Host System to Accomplish Efficiency/CRI/Color-Stability Trade-off for High-PerformanceOWLEDs, Q. Wang et al., Adv. Mater., 21, 2397–2401 (2009).
4. Efficient organic light-emitting devices with platinum-complex emissive layer, X. Yang et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 98, 033302 (2011); doi: 10.1063/1.3541447.
5. Highly Power Efficient Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with a p-Doping Layer, C-C. Chang et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 89, 253504 (2006); doi: 10.1063/1.2405856.
6. Exceedingly efficient deep-blue electroluminescence from new anthracenes obtained using rational molecular design, S-K. Kim et al., J. Mater. Chem., 18, 3376–3384 (2008). DOI: 10.1039/B805062G.
7. Effect of type-II quantumwell of m-MTDATA/a-NPD on the performance of green organic light-emitting diodes, J. Yang et al., Microelectronics J.l40, 63–65 (2009). doi:10.1016/j.mejo.2008.08.004.
8. Effect of bulk and planar heterojunctions based charge generation layers on the performance of tandem organic light-emitting diodes, Z. Ma et al., Org. Electronics, 30, 136-142 (2016). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2015.12.020
9. Blue and white organic electroluminescent devices based on 9,10-bis(2′-naphthyl)anthracene, X. H. Zhang et al., Chem. Phys. Lett., 369 (3-4) 478-482 (2003), doi:10.1016/S0009-2614(02)02042-0.
10. Highly Efficient and Stable Red Organic Light-Emitting Devices Using 9,10-Di(2-naphthyl)anthracene as the Host Material, H. Tang et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46 1722 (2007), http://iopscience.iop.org/1347-4065/46/4R/1722.
11. C60/N,N′-bis(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine:MoO3 as the interconnection layer for high efficient tandem blue fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes, X. Wu et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 243302 (2013); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4811551.
12. High-Performance Hybrid White Organic Light-Emitting Devices without Interlayer between Fluorescent and Phosphorescent Emissive Regions, N. Sun et al., Adv. Mater., 26, 1617–1621 (2014)
13. Single-Doped White Organic Light-Emitting Device with an External Quantum Efficiency Over 20%, T. Fleetham et al., Adv. Mater., 25, 2573–2576 (2013).

To the best of our knowledge the information provided here is accurate. The values provided are typical at the time of manufacture and may vary over time and from batch to batch. Products may have minor cosmetic differences (e.g. to the branding) compared to the photos on our website. All products are for laboratory and research and development use only.